Working Principle and Process of PSA Nitrogen Generator

Nitrogen generators primarily utilize pressure swing adsorption (PSA) or membrane separation technology to separate nitrogen. Taking PSA as an example, the process leverages the adsorption differences between oxygen and nitrogen using carbon molecular sieves: under pressurized conditions, the carbon molecular sieves preferentially adsorb oxygen, allowing nitrogen to accumulate through the adsorption bed layer; during depressurization, oxygen is released, enabling regeneration. The system typically includes two adsorption towers, which are controlled by a PLC to alternate between pneumatic valves in a continuous cycle, producing high-purity nitrogen gas. Membrane separation is based on the difference in permeability rates of oxygen and nitrogen molecules through high-polymer membranes, achieving separation through pressure differences. Both methods require air compression, purification, and drying systems to ensure the quality of the raw air supply.